Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. It is often the result of poor oral hygiene that allows plaque—a sticky film of bacteria—to build up on the teeth and harden over time.
Stages of Gum Disease
This is the early stage, marked by red, swollen gums that may bleed when brushing or flossing. Gingivitis is reversible with proper care.
If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis. This stage involves the destruction of the bone and tissues supporting the teeth, leading to gum recession, loose teeth, or even tooth loss.
Common Causes
•Poor brushing and flossing habits
•Smoking or tobacco use
•Hormonal changes (e.g., during pregnancy)
•Certain illnesses such as diabetes
•Medications that reduce saliva flow
•Genetic susceptibility
Symptoms to Watch For
•Red, swollen, or tender gums
•Bleeding when brushing or flossing
•Persistent bad breath
•Receding gums
•Loose or shifting teeth
•Pain when chewing
Prevention and Treatment
•Good oral hygiene: Brush twice daily and floss once a day.
•Regular dental checkups: Professional cleanings help remove plaque and tartar.
•Quit smoking: Tobacco weakens gum tissue and reduces healing ability.
•Healthy diet: Nutritious foods strengthen your immune system and gum health.
Treatment for gum disease depends on the severity. Gingivitis can often be reversed with better hygiene. Advanced periodontitis may require deep cleaning (scaling and root planing), medication, or even surgery.
Final Thoughts
Gum disease is common but largely preventable. Taking care of your teeth and gums not only preserves your smile but also supports overall health. Early detection and consistent care are key to keeping gum disease at bay.
