Injectable Contraceptives

Injectable contraceptives are a convenient and effective option for many women. They typically involve receiving a hormone injection every few months to prevent pregnancy. Here are three commonly used injectable contraceptives:

1. Depo-Provera (Depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate or DMPA)

Mechanism: Depo-Provera contains the hormone progestin, which prevents ovulation, thickens cervical mucus to block sperm, and thins the uterine lining to prevent implantation.

Effectiveness: Over 99% effective with perfect use, about 94% effective with typical use.

Administration: An injection is given every three months (12 weeks) in the buttock or upper arm.

Side Effects:

– Irregular bleeding or spotting, especially in the first 6-12 months
– Weight gain (more common than with other contraceptive methods)
– Decreased bone density with long-term use (reversible upon discontinuation)
– Possible delay in return to fertility after stopping the injections

Suitability: Ideal for women who prefer not to take daily pills and are looking for a long-term but reversible contraceptive method.

2. Noristerat (Norethisterone enantate)

Mechanism: Noristerat is another progestin-only injectable contraceptive. It works similarly to Depo-Provera by preventing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and thinning the uterine lining.

Effectiveness: Over 99% effective with perfect use, about 97% effective with typical use.

Administration: An injection is given every eight weeks (two months) in the buttock or upper arm.

Side Effects:

– Irregular menstrual bleeding or spotting
– Weight gain
– Headaches
– Mood changes
– Breast tenderness

Suitability: Suitable for short-term contraception, particularly for women who are waiting for a more permanent contraceptive method or those who need a temporary contraceptive solution.

3. Sayana Press

Mechanism: Sayana Press contains the same hormone (medroxyprogesterone acetate) as Depo-Provera but comes in a pre-filled, single-use injector for subcutaneous (under the skin) administration. It prevents ovulation, thickens cervical mucus, and thins the uterine lining.

Effectiveness: Over 99% effective with perfect use, about 94% effective with typical use.

Administration: An injection is given every three months (12 weeks), but it is designed for self-administration at home, providing more convenience and privacy.

Side Effects:

– Irregular menstrual bleeding or spotting
– Weight gain
– Decreased bone density with long-term use
– Headaches
– Possible delay in return to fertility after stopping the injections

Suitability: Ideal for women who prefer self-administration and seek a long-term but reversible contraceptive method.

Injectable contraceptives like Depo-Provera, Noristerat, and Sayana Press offer effective and convenient options for women seeking long-term contraception without the need for daily pills. Each has its unique features and potential side effects, so discussing individual health needs and preferences with a healthcare provider is essential to choosing the most suitable method.